The war in the Middle East is occurring at a decisive moment, when the European Union faces growing internal criticism of its climate policies. This is reflected in calls from national governments and industry leaders to increase pressure on Europe’s emissions trading system, or even to reduce carbon emission targets for new vehicles. Thus, the rise in oil and gas prices since the beginning of the war against Iran on February 28, 2026 represents a significant risk to the prog

Long regarded as the economic engine of Europe, the German model of the social market economy has been undergoing a phase of profound transformation since the early 2020s. The combination of a major energy shock, a rapid increase in interest rates, a slowdown in global trade, and Europe’s ecological transition is placing significant pressure on Germany’s industrial fabric.