The escalation of tensions in the Middle East has once again brought to light a reality that is often overlooked in simplified narratives about international politics: the global system functions less like a tribunal and more like a permanent arena of competition among interests, capabilities, and the structural limits of power. The recent increase in the intensity of the conflict in the region already involves, directly or indirectly, more than eleven countries, transforming

The triple agenda in Asia and the Middle East signals precisely that Brazil does not seek to replace one pole with another, but rather to reduce the excessive concentration of its international insertion in a few partners, expanding its diplomatic, commercial, and technological room for maneuver. This is a common feature of the Lula administration’s foreign policy. Diversification, in this sense, is the formula to mitigate systemic risks

The confirmation of the death of Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran, announced this Sunday (03/01/2026) by the state communication network, was followed by a series of questions in both the international and domestic arenas, mostly concerning the stability of the Iranian regime and the impact of a forced power transition on regional security—especially in light of the attacks initiated by the Persian country against U.S. bases located in countries such as the United Arab Em

A few years ago, despite the region’s typical geopolitical uncertainties, the Gulf seemed to be merely a narrow passage between two powers, paying the price for alliances forged over decades and discovering that geography, when lent to wars, does not belong solely to its people.

For several decades, the global development imaginary has been consolidated into a rigid dichotomy: Asia as the engine of world growth and Africa as a marginal continent within the international economic system. This narrative, widely reproduced in political, media, and academic discourse, fails to capture the complexity and heterogeneity of African trajectories.

The announcement of the trade agreement between the European Union (EU) and India, sealed in January 2026, was received with the pomp reserved for major civilizational milestones. Nicknamed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi as the “mother of all agreements,” the pact outlines a free trade zone that brings together the world’s largest trading bloc and the planet’s most populous nation. Together, they represent 2 billion consumers and 25% of global GDP.

The death of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi has reignited debate about Libya’s political future and the possible end of the Gaddafi dynasty. For years, he was regarded as his father’s natural successor and the reformist face of the regime, playing a significant role in Libya’s rapprochement with the West (Vandewalle, 2012:12). After the 2011 uprising, the country plunged into a profound institutional crisis, marked by rival governments, armed militias, and territorial fragmentation (W

esde que o presidente Trump retornou à Casa Branca em janeiro de 2025, a ênfase nos minerais críticos como ponto de pressão de segurança nacional cresceu exponencialmente. Houve várias iniciativas da Casa Branca e legislativas destinadas a fortalecer a segurança econômica e nacional dos EUA nessa área – animadas pelos lemas de desregulamentação, investimento e financiamento.

This reconfiguration has strengthened strategic convergence with Washington, but it has also exposed internal divergences between France and Germany: while Paris advocates greater European strategic autonomy, Berlin tends to prioritize the solidity of a bond that ensures greater energy security. Thus, by exploiting these asymmetries, the United States preserves its centrality in Europe’s security architecture and maintains significant capacity to influence the bloc’s geopolit

When examining the development of Syria’s oil industry, it is essential to consider geopolitical factors, particularly given the country’s strategic location between the vast oil fields of Iraq and the Gulf countries. This geographical positioning grants Syria a potentially central role in the construction of transnational pipelines capable of transporting hydrocarbons to the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea

The invitation extended by U.S. President Donald Trump to the leaders of Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan to attend the 2026 G20 carries a well-crafted geopolitical rationale. The rise of Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan on the international stage reflects a central aspiration for Central Asia to be more than merely a chess piece in the game of great powers—particularly as both countries present themselves as a “bridge” between Russia and the West, and as an energy and logistics hub lin

United States and Venezuela: Another Example of a Geopolitical Dispute over Resources, Sovereignty, and International Influence

The Military Parade in Beijing should not be interpreted merely as a military demonstration, but as an act of strategic communication in the international arena. Xi Jinping used the event to reinforce three central messages: (1) the historical legitimacy of China as a victor of World War II; (2) the technological-military advances that place it in a position to rival the United States; (3) the consolidation of a cooperation axis with countries challenging the liberal int

In today’s global landscape, human tragedies are often narrated selectively. Lives from “distant” countries are usually left out of media and political focus, as philosopher Judith Butler pointed out when reflecting on the unequal attribution of “grievability” to victims. Only those who fit the dominant framework—“Western,” Christian, or strategically useful lives—are presented as worthy of compassion, while other deaths remain silenced. 

On June 22, 2025, the United States, under the leadership of Donald Trump, launched direct attacks on three major Iranian nuclear facilities — Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan. The American president described the offensive as a "spectacular success," claiming that the targets were “completely obliterated.” This action represents a critical escalation in the war between Israel and Iran, marking the direct entry of the U.S. into the conflict, and reignites deep questions about the

While rockets fall on Israel and Iran, we now see American bombs targeting the ayatollahs' regime. Meanwhile, Trump gives a speech of false conciliation, hoping the Iranian regime will completely surrender. That will not happen. For the leaders of Iran, Hamas, Israel, and the White House, war is both the beginning and the end of dialogue.

By Júlia Saraiva The United States’ attack on three nuclear facilities marks a turning point in contemporary international politics. This is not just an isolated episode but a move that exposes the progressive collapse of multilateral norms, the erosion of international law, and the dominance of power politics in the conduct of international relations.

With the recent passing of Pope Francis, the Catholic Church enters a historical turning point. As the leader of more than one billion faithful around the world, Francis marked his papacy with a notably progressive stance on issues that, for centuries, had been met with silence or denial by the ecclesiastical hierarchy. His death not only closes an era but also opens a period of uncertainty and internal disputes about the direction the Church will take

The changes in the geopolitics of the African continent, with several countries distancing themselves from their former economic partners...

The Oriental Contribution to Western Development